A coronary angioplasty is a medical procedure that is performed to widen blocked or narrowed coronary arteries, which are the main blood vessels supplying the heart. “Angioplasty” refers to using a balloon to stretch open the artery, and it is usually followed by the insertion of a permanent stent. 

Fortunately, complications after stent placement are rare. There are basically two types of complications, there’s what we call stent thrombosis and stent restenosis. Now, just to be clear, when we implant a stent people have to be on blood thinners. Maybe aspirin, and some medication like Plavix, Brilinta.

Despite the fact that patients take their medication appropriately, sometimes there is some stent thrombosis, which means a blockage of the stent by a clot. It might occur in the first hours, first days after the stent placement, because there was some technical or mechanical complications.

It might happen a bit later because there were multiple stents inserted, stents were placed in small vessels with a lot of disease, or sometimes it happens because the patient decided to stop his medication, or the blood thinners are stopped because there’s a surgery. So this is a complication, stent thrombosis and it occurs abruptly, all of a sudden. The other type of complication that we call restenosis is more of a progressive process. It’s kind of a scar tissue formation inside the stent that’s going to go over months and patients will develop symptoms. There’s not much we can do about it, most of it has been done with the new stent generation. The former ones were bare metal. The new ones have a polymer which releases drugs to control the healing process. And nowadays, this restenosis process is pretty rare, probably less than 5 percent.

Stents don’t move, or migrate or collapse. So when we implant them we choose them according to the vessel size, so when we expand them we tug them against the walls. And on top of this, over months the stent will be covered by the patient’s own cells. So they don’t move or migrate.  Often seeing a local family physician or a physiotherapist in conjunction with a registered dietitian and athletic therapist is a great option to take control of this condition.

If you have to have an MRI, just tell the MRI technician that you have a stent, but you know, all the commercial stents nowadays are MRI safe. Stents are made of alloys, they have like platinum, cobalt, chromium. The amount of iron in them is minimal, so you will not trigger alarms in airports. And they’re not sensitive to cabin pressure changes, so you know, it’s safe to travel with stents.

Unfortunately, in 2018 there’s no cure for coronary heart disease. Stents are very useful to help patients with stable disease to improve their symptoms. They can save lives in patients with acute heart attacks, but it’s not a cure. It’s just a tool in our toolbox. Stents will never replace changes in lifestyle and taking your medication.

Local Practitioners: Cardiologist

Upon your arrival to the cardiac short stay, you will be asked to change into a hospital gown, and then we will do a set of your vital signs, we will check your pulse, and we’ll sit down to assess your previous medical history, your medication list, your allergies and your recent bloodwork results. And then we will assess the puncture site, such as it might be in your femoral, it might be in your wrist, and then we’ll shave you to prepare for the puncture site. After your PCI procedure you’re going to come back from the cath lab to our cardiac short stay.

Upon coming back to cardiac short stay, the nurse will connect you back to the monitor and take another set of vital signs and check your puncture site and see if there’s any bleeding or hematoma. We will also do an ECG and monitor your heart rate if it’s indicated. Your interventional cardiologist or your nurse will discuss with you about the PCI procedure.

Before you’re ready to be discharged home, your nurse will discuss with you the home discharge instructions such as how to care for your puncture site, your medication list, driving restrictions and activities. While most of the patients will be sent home in the same day, but you should be prepared to stay overnight.   Often seeing a local family physician or a pharmacist in conjunction with a registered dietitian, a local athletic therapist is a great option to take control of dehydration. In conjunction with healthy eating, exercise and Smart Food Now

If you have any more questions, don’t hesitate to ask your nurse or your cardiologist.

Now Health Network Local Practitioners: Nurse